Prototype
The Prototype pattern is a creational design pattern that enables the creation of object copies without requiring knowledge of their underlying implementation. These clones can be independently modified, allowing changes without affecting the original prototype object.
MonsterPrototype class
---@class MonsterPrototype
---@field name string
---@field damage number
---@field hp number
local MonsterPrototype = {}
MonsterPrototype.__index = MonsterPrototype
---@return MonsterPrototype
function MonsterPrototype:new(name, damage, hp)
local t = {
name = name,
damage = damage,
hp = hp,
}
return setmetatable(t, self)
end
---Clones the prototype
---@return MonsterPrototype
function MonsterPrototype:clone()
return MonsterPrototype:new(self.name, self.damage, self.hp)
end
return MonsterPrototype
MonsterPrototype usage
local monsterProto = MonsterPrototype:new("monter", 1, 1)
print(monsterProto.name, monsterProto.damage, monsterProto.hp) --> monster 1 1
local goblin = monsterProto:clone()
goblin.name = "goblin"
goblin.damage = 2
goblin.hp = 10
print(goblin.name, goblin.damage, goblin.hp) --> goblin 2 10
local troglodyte = monsterProto:clone()
troglodyte.name = "troglodyte"
troglodyte.damage = 4
troglodyte.hp = 14
print(troglodyte.name, troglodyte.damage, troglodyte.hp) --> troglodyte 4 14
local hobogoblin = monsterProto:clone()
hobogoblin.name = "hobogoblin"
hobogoblin.damage = 5
hobogoblin.hp = 15
print(hobogoblin.name, hobogoblin.damage, hobogoblin.hp) --> hobogoblin 5 15
As you can see, the prototype pattern is very similar to factory method.